POLICIES & PROGRAMMES FOR NON-FARM SECTORS
In this post, we will specifically discuss some POLICIES & PROGRAMMES FOR NON-FARM SECTORS by govt for CAIIB Rural Banking 2023.
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Now coming back to the notes, we have NATIONAL MISSION FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE to discuss.
1. NMSA i.e. National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture
It is planned as one of the eight missions outlined in the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC). NMSA aims to promote sustainable agriculture through climate change adaptation measures.
The main driver is increasing agricultural productivity, especially in rainfed areas, with a focus on integrated agriculture, soil health management and synergistic resource conservation.
In addition, NMSA is also committed to:
- National and international commitments on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and
- Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC).
NMSA as a programmatic intervention ensures the fulfillment of the mission which mainly focuses on the conservation of agriculture to make the agricultural sector more productive, sustainable, profitable and climate resilient.
NMSA has one component of Rainfed Area Development implemented by the RFS division.
2. Rainfed Area Development (RAD):
RAD focuses on Integrated Agricultural System (IFS) to increase productivity and minimize risks associated with climate variability with the integration of activities such as horticulture, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, beekeeping, etc., to enable farmers not only to maximize the return of subsistence farms, but also to mitigate the effects of drought, flood or other extreme weather events.
HOW DOES RAD HELP?
For the year 2022-23 – a budget provision of Rs. 200.15 million were earmarked for the implementation of the program.
- The evaluation of the RAD scheme was taken over by NITI Aayog in 2019-20.
PROGRESS:
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- Overall, the program achieved only 75% of its objectives in the period 2014-2019.
In terms of output indicators, the scheme achieved:
- around 75% of its target for “Total area incorporated into an integrated farming system”,
- around 82% of the “Area where farmers have incorporated livestock into the cropping system” target and
- around 68% of the training target.
- There is wide variability in the progress of the system in different states. While states like Tamil Nadu, UP, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh and Odisha have received substantial funds, a state like Rajasthan has not received funds since 2015-16.
- The program has a large basket of interventions, but most of the funds are spent on interventions based on integrated agriculture. Among the components of the program, about 90% of the funds are used for integrated agriculture.
3. Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY):
Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) was launched in 2015-16 with the motto ‘Har Khet Ko Paani’ to provide end-to-end irrigation supply chain solutions viz. water resources, distribution network and farm level applications.
PMKSY is not only focusing on creating sources for assured irrigation but also creating conservation irrigation by harnessing rain water at micro level through ‘Jal Sanchay’ and ‘Jal Sinchan’.
4. Micro Irrigation:
Drip and sprinkler irrigation is a proven technology that has gained immense popularity among farmers in India. Micro-irrigation not only helps save water, but also reduces fertilizer consumption, labor costs and other input costs and increases farmers’ income. The positive results of micro-irrigation have improved food security by increasing the production and productivity of various crops and increasing the area irrigated from the same water source, resulting in increased nutritional security of the country.
Sequence of schemes for micro-irrigation:
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- Since January 2006, the Government of India has been implementing a centrally sponsored program for micro-irrigation to increase the efficiency of water use in the agricultural sector.
- In June 2010, the scheme was expanded to the National Mission for Micro Irrigation (NMMI), which continued till 2013-14.
- From April 1, 2014, NMMI was subsumed under the National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) and implemented as one of the components under ‘Farm Water Management’ (OFWM) in 2014-15.
- From 1 July 2015, this scheme was subsumed under Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) and implemented as part of PMKSY “Per Drop More Crop”.
- A earmarked fund for micro-irrigation created with NABARD has been approved with an initial corpus of Rs. 5,000 crore i.e. Rs. 2,000 crore for 2018-19 and Rs. 3,000 crore for year 2019-20.
to promote public and private investment in micro-irrigation.
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